In the 1700s, temple pieces - the long extensions of glasses that fit snugly against the head - allowed people to wear glasses throughout the day. People who wore glasses "were in league with the devil, immoral."īut after the Reformation, when literacy rates climbed, spectacles became more common. "Because they were seen as being unusual and rare, they were seen as having magical powers," says Handley. Glasses for nearsightedness likely arose in the 15th century. Often, glasses featured quartz instead of glass, since the latter was often turbid. They were intended to help people read, rather than aid nearsightedness. "You can't wear them on your face they'd just fall off."Įarly glasses were heavy and prone to shattering, Benjamin says. "You pick them up, and you feel the difference," says Jenny Benjamin, director of the American Academy of Ophthalmology's Museum of Vision. These glasses had more in common with magnifying glasses than today's eye accessories. Still, they didn't become as common there as they did in Europe, where spectacles were produced. Some judiciary committees in China even mandated spectacles as part of the uniform. Merchants soon carried spectacles along the Silk Road to Asia, where they served as status symbols. The region was a hub for glass production, says Neil Handley, the museum curator at the College of Optometrists, London. Things started to look up for the visually challenged at the end of the 13th century, when the earliest known eyeglasses were invented in northern Italy. "I can't prove that." Another possible upside of myopia? It could mitigate the difficulty of seeing up close that comes with aging. Fine engravings found on ancient coins, for example, might have benefited from a nearsighted artist's craftsmanship. "You can imagine that if people with nearsightedness had some special skill, they might even be revered," says Schwab. What happened to the few who were shortsighted? Scientists are still working out the exact mix of factors that contribute to myopia, but, on average, humans thousands of years ago probably had to squint less to see at a distance, according to Schwab. Some ophthalmologists believe that dim light exacerbates this effect, Schwab says. Though genes and nutrition may play a role in nearsightedness, he says education and myopia seem to be linked, suggesting that when people do a lot of close work, their eyes grow longer - the better to focus up close, but the worse for long-distance vision. The reason likely has to do with a rise in reading, Schwab says. But he says the rates of myopia have skyrocketed over the past three centuries. Ivan Schwab, a professor of ophthalmology at the University of California, Davis and author of Evolution's Witness: How Eyes Evolved. "As long as primates have been around, there's probably been myopia," says Dr. Shots called ophthalmologists and corrective eyewear historians (yes, they exist) to find answers.įirst, the prevalence of human eyesight issues has changed over time.
But how did people manage thousands of years ago? By 2050, scientists predict more than 4.7 billion people, roughly half of the global population, will be nearsighted.įortunately, humans have created a solution - eyeglasses! People can rest assured they will always be able to read the dumb bumper stickers on the cars in front of them. Whether you’re looking for a statement piece or a subtle twist on classic styles, there are plenty of options available to help you express your unique sense of style.Nearsightedness, or myopia, is increasing at an eye-popping rate.
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